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Florida
has more endangered plants than any other state in the Eastern
U.S., and of the more than 40 species propagated within the EPPP,
16 are from Florida. They include: Four-petal pawpaw (Asimina
tetramera), Beautiful pawpaw (Deeringothamnus pulchellus), Rugel's
pawpaw (Deeringothamnus rugelii), Florida ziziphus (Ziziphus
celata), Scrub lupine (Lupinus aridorum), Avon Park harebells
(Crotalaria avonensis), Lakela's mint (Dicerandra
immaculata),
a mint temporarily named 'Lake Pierce' (Dicerandra 'Lake
Pierce'),
Young palm orchid (Tropidia polystachya), Carter’s orchid
(Basikphyllaea corallicola), Pepperleaf sweetwood (Licaria
triandra),
and five ferns. Work on these species is being done in collaboration
with the Center
for Plant Conservation (St. Louis, MO),
Historic
Bok Sanctuary (Lake Wales, FL),
Fairchild
Tropical Botanic Garden (Miami, FL),
Marie Selby Botanical Gardens, and Archbold
Biological Station (Lake Placid, FL) and is funded in part
by the Institute
of Museum and Library Services.
The three pawpaws being studied
are all endemic to Florida, and conversion of habitat to agriculture
and residential development
is the primary threat to the future of these species. Seed production
from all three species is low, and CREW researchers have used the
technique of "In Vitro Collecting" or IVC, to collect
tissues from these plants in Florida (Click
Here for IVC Slide Show). After transport to CREW,
tissue culture has been used to propagate new plants from these
collections. Methods
have also been developed to cryopreserve each tissue culture line
in liquid nitrogen in CREW’s
Frozen Garden, an important technique
for saving this species into the future, since pawpaw seeds, when
produced, are not long-lived and cannot be stored using traditional
seed banking methods.
Several other species under study are native to central Florida
and the Lake Wales Ridge area. This unique habitat is an area of
ancient dunes that remained as islands when much of Florida was
flooded several times in the past. This refuge area developed a
unique flora and fauna, one that is under severe pressure from
agriculture and development. One of these species, Avon Park harebells,
has been propagated and is being sent to collaborators in Florida
for outplanting. |
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